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California’s Water: Providing Safe Drinking Water

By Ellen Hanak, Caitrin Chappelle, Jelena Jezdimirovic, Brian Gray ...

Most Californians have safe, reliable drinking water, but in some poor, rural parts of the state water contamination and drying wells is a persistent problem. This problem could be resolved in the near term with dependable funding and a clear state action plan.

Report

California’s Water: Storing Water

By Ellen Hanak, Jay Lund, Jeffrey Mount, Jason Gurdak ...

An extensive storage system plays a critical role in the state’s water management. This brief describes a number of ways to improve the management of reservoirs and groundwater basins to better prepare for droughts and manage floods.

Report

Managing Drought in a Changing Climate: Four Essential Reforms

By Jeffrey Mount, Ellen Hanak, Jay Lund, Paul Ullrich ...

This report reviews climate pressures that are stressing the state’s water system, and describes reforms to help California prepare for greater extremes and growing water scarcity.

Report

Water Stress and a Changing San Joaquin Valley

By Ellen Hanak, Jay Lund, Richard Howitt, Peter Moyle ...

The San Joaquin Valley—California’s largest agricultural region and an important contributor to the nation’s food supply—is facing growing water stress and a number of related environmental and public health problems. Large parts of the valley have become dependent on unsustainable pumping of groundwater. Tackling these linked issues with cooperative, coordinated approaches is key to success.

This research was supported with funding from the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation, the TomKat Foundation, and the US Environmental Protection Agency.

Report

What If California’s Drought Continues?

By Ellen Hanak, Jay Lund, Jeffrey Mount, Peter Moyle ...

California is in the fourth year of a severe, hot drought—the kind that is increasingly likely as the climate warms. Although no sector has been untouched, impacts so far have varied greatly, reflecting different levels of drought preparedness. Urban areas are in the best shape, thanks to sustained investments in diversified water portfolios and conservation. Farmers are more vulnerable, but they are also adapting. The greatest vulnerabilities are in some low-income rural communities where wells are running dry and in California’s wetlands, rivers, and forests, where the state’s iconic biodiversity is under extreme threat. Two to three more years of drought will increase challenges in all areas and require continued—and likely increasingly difficult—adaptations. Emergency programs will need to be significantly expanded to get drinking water to rural residents and to prevent major losses of waterbirds and extinctions of numerous native fish species, including most salmon runs. California also needs to start a longer-term effort to build drought resilience in the most vulnerable areas.

Report

Policy Priorities for Managing Drought

By Ellen Hanak, Jay Lund, Jeffrey Mount, Peter Moyle ...

State, federal, and local water managers have worked diligently to reduce the economic, social, and environmental harm from the current drought. But as the drought continues, the challenges will grow more acute. California can learn from experiences to date—and from Australia’s response to its Millennium Drought—to better prepare both for the year ahead and for future droughts. State leaders should address weaknesses in four areas of drought preparation and response, by: 1) improving water use information, 2) setting clear goals and priorities for public health and the environment, 3) promoting water conservation and more resilient water supplies, and 4) strengthening environmental management.

Report

Paying for Water in California

By Ellen Hanak, Dean Misczynski, Jay Lund, Brian Gray ...

California faces serious funding gaps in five key areas of water management—including safe drinking water in small, disadvantaged communities; flood protection; management of stormwater and other polluted runoff; aquatic ecosystem management; and integrated water management. These gaps amount to $2 billion to $3 billion a year. But bold efforts by state and local leaders can pave the way to sustainable solutions for California’s critical water resources.

This research is supported with funding from the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation and the California Water Foundation, an initiative of the Resources Legacy Fund.

Technical Appendices

Appendix A. The Legal Framework
External Resource: Hastings Law Journal, Vol. 65: p 1603, Paying for Water: The Legal Framework

Appendix B. Estimates of Water Sector Expenditures, Revenues, and Needs

Appendix C. State General Obligation Bond Spending on Water

Appendix D. Using the Water Fee Model to Assess Funding Alternatives

Appendix E. Local Ballot Measures to Fund the Water System

Data Sets

Data Set: State General Obligation Bond Spending on Water

Data Set: Local Water-Funding Ballot Measure

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