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California Counts, Report

Who’s Lagging Now? Gender Differences in Secondary Course Enrollments

By Anne Danenberg

Examines enrollment rate differences between boys and girls by subject area in California's middle schools and high schools, and sets these differences against a background of labor market outcomes for men and women. Also investigates female-male enrollment disparities according to school setting (urban, suburban, and rural) as well as racial and ethnic status.

Fact Sheet

California’s Digital Divide

By Joseph Hayes, Eric Assan, Niu Gao

Digital access is at an all-time high in California—and major investments by state and federal governments have helped narrow the digital divide. But racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, and geographic disparities persist.

Policy Brief

Policy Brief: Understanding the Effects of School Funding

By Julien Lafortune, Stephanie Barton

A wide body of recent research offers insights into how and where additional dollars to fund K–12 public schools can improve student outcomes such as test scores and graduation rates. Estimates also reveal how long it may take to close gaps by race and income, based on current trends in funding.

Policy Brief

Policy Brief: Achieving Universal Broadband in California

By Joseph Hayes, Niu Gao, Darriya Starr, Amy Gong Liu

The COVID-19 pandemic spurred historic federal and state investments in broadband. Achieving universal broadband in California will require coordinated efforts among service providers, municipalities, and community organizations to overcome existing barriers and leverage funding opportunities.

Report

Higher Education in California

By Patrick Murphy, Sarah Bohn, Marisol Cuellar Mejia, Kevin Cook ...

Higher education is a key driver of economic growth and individual opportunity in California. Substantial gains in college enrollment and graduation rates—particularly among historically underrepresented groups—can help boost economic mobility, increase tax revenue, and reduce pressure on the social safety net.

Report

Setting the Stage for Universal Preschool

By Laura Hill, Emmanuel Prunty

As the state expands its Transitional Kindergarten program, one key issue is whether access will be equitable. While the current program serves many Dual Language Learners and Latino children, some other student groups appear underenrolled. Ensuring that all elementary schools and districts offer the program is critical to improve access going forward.

Report

Does Raising High School Graduation Requirements Improve Student Outcomes?

By Niu Gao

The shift to distance learning during the COVID-19 crisis exacerbated inequities in California’s K–12 system, adding urgency to an ongoing discussion about the role of high school graduation policy in improving student outcomes. This report shows that more-rigorous graduation requirements can have a positive and equitable impact on college readiness.

Report

Equal Resources, Equal Outcomes? The Distribution of School Resources and Student Achievement in California

By Julian Betts, Anne Danenberg, Kim Rueben

This report focuses on three crucial questions about resources in California's K-12 schools:

1. How do resources—measured in terms of class size, curriculum, and teachers' education, credentials, and experience—vary among schools?
2. Do schools serving relatively disadvantaged populations tend to receive fewer resources?
3. Do existing inequalities in school resources contribute to unequal student outcomes?

The findings of the study have a strong bearing on education issues in California, and the authors offer a number of policy recommendations.

Report

Implementing Local Accountability in California’s Schools: The First Year of Planning

By Paul Warren, Giselle Carrillo

The passage of the Local Control Funding Formula (LCFF) in 2013 gave California school districts flexibility in allocating resources and significantly boosted state support for the education of disadvantaged students. LCFF also includes a Local Control and Accountability Plan (LCAP), which requires districts to enlist the help of parents and the public in identifying student performance goals and ways to achieve them. Our research in 25 California districts suggests that educators have worked hard to develop the first of these three-year plans, but that knowledge about strategic planning, data-driven decisionmaking, and involving parents and the public in the process varies significantly among districts. As a consequence, the clarity and effectiveness of the initial plans varies widely. The state can help by making technical assistance to districts and county offices of education available and affordable. Our research also indicates that expanding the role of county offices would help them push for improved student performance.

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